"Efficacy and Effectiveness of Nootropics vs Prescription Stimulants on Academic Performance in College Students-A Scoping Review"

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چکیده

Opioids is the key analgesics in general anesthesia practice for their stronge and reliable pain release effect. At same time, adverse effects of opioids such as respiratory depression, cough muscle rigidity after quick intravenous injection, PONV, pruritus, urine retention are also apparent, which deserve attention clinicians.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Biomedical Journal of Scientific and Technical Research

سال: 2023

ISSN: ['2574-1241']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26717/bjstr.2023.48.007688